What Arakan Army Has Achieved in 2025?

Opinion December 31, 2025

2025 stands out as a year of bold steps forward in the long fight for national liberation that began in 2009. While major township captures—from Paletwa to Gwa and Maungdaw—wrapped up in 2024, leaving the Arakan Army in firm control of 15 out of 18 towns, the real gains this year lie in deeper strength and wider reach. These moves build a solid base for a true Arakkha nation, free from junta control.

On the military front, the push beyond old borders marks a sharp shift. After securing most of the homeland, forces moved into Magway, Bago, and Ayeyarwady regions. Key bases fell in early months, like Moe Hti and hill points along the edges. Joint work with local resistance groups opened new paths, blocking junta supplies and hitting weak spots. This help boosted fights by Bamar and Asho-Chin allies along the eastern mountains. Inside, the National Defense Emergency Provision (NDEP), rolled out in March, called on all able citizens for training and service. Thousands stepped up willingly, growing troop numbers and readiness. These changes made the force stronger at home while stretching control outward—real progress in a tough year.

Political leadership hit a high point with Major General Twan Mrat Naing's return on June 6. After years away, his step onto homeland soil broke a hard pattern—no past leaders from other groups had made it back safely. This moment fired up public spirit, showing the revolution's deep roots and real chance for self-rule. Less noticed but just as vital, the United League of Arakan (ULA) and Arakan People's Revolutionary Government (APRG) grew stronger. The APRG now runs daily life in controlled areas—courts, health, taxes, and aid—with clear systems that prove good governance works. These bodies form the heart of the liberation goal: a strong, fair Arakkha nation where people handle their own affairs.

These wins tie together. Military growth guards the land and opens doors for allies. Political steps, like the leader's return and better administration, build trust and unity among the people. Challenges remain—junta air strikes hit hard, borders stay tense, and full control of spots like Kyaukphyu or Sittwe waits. Yet 2025 shows smart planning pays off. By focusing on internal buildup and careful outreach, the movement turned solid ground into lasting power.

True change comes slow but steady. The Arakan Army's 2025 record proves that: stronger forces, inspired leaders, and working institutions. These lay the path to full sovereignty and a federal union where ethnic voices count equally. The fight goes on, but the gains this year light a clear way ahead—toward an Arakkha future built on equality, justice, and self-determination for all who call this land home.